Dental Implants vs Dentures: Which Is Better?

Introduction

The moment you lose a tooth, it transforms you. It may start small, like hesitating to take a photo with a smile, or chewing your favourite cut of steak differently, or a lisp with a friend's name. Losing your teeth can be an intimidating and frightening prospect, for millions of us, it's not a question of if, but when.

Modern dentistry has come a long way since the wooden dentures of the founding fathers, and we now have options to restore our smiles and sense of self. But with options comes the dreaded dilemma - implants vs dentures.

Dentures have been the standard of care for decades. They're simple, removable and can be constructed to be indistinguishable from natural teeth. Dental implants on the other hand, are a cutting edge technology that use titanium screws to replicate the tooth root.

The debate implants vs dentures isn't just about the end result, but how the procedure compares in a number of factors relating to health, comfort, longevity, and budget. To help you decide the age-old question of implants vs dentures, this guide will explore the pros and cons of each treatment. It will compare the biting power of implants to how dentures hold your food in place, the maintenance needed to ensure neither treatment fails and their costs, helping you to decide which is better for you.

Understanding the Contenders: What Are They?

To really determine the differences between the two treatments, it's important to really define and explain what these procedures are, and what their mechanics are.

What Are Dentures?

Dentures are prosthetic teeth that, when combined with gums, replicate a natural smile. Most modern dentures are constructed of either a plastic or metal framework that is held in place by suction, the structure of your gums, and often some additional adhesives. There are two types of dentures:

• Complete dentures: are used when all of your teeth need to be replaced. "Conventional" dentures are placed in the mouth after the gums have healed from tooth extractions; this typically takes place 8-12 weeks after your extraction procedure.
• Partial dentures: Partial dentures are used when you're replacing only some of your teeth. They usually consist of replacement teeth that are attached to a pink or gum-colored plastic base, which is connected to a metal framework that holds the denture in place.

Dentures are a removable prosthetic appliance that sit on top of your gums, with the upper dentures resting on the roof of your mouth as well.

What Are Dental Implants?

A dental implant is a prosthetic tooth root. The root is a titanium screw that is surgically placed into your jawbone, below the gum tissue. This serves as an anchor for a replacement tooth or set of teeth.

Titanium is a biocompatible metal that, when implanted, causes the bone to grow around it over the healing process. This is known as osseointegration, and it's how the titanium implant integrates with your natural bone to provide a sturdy root for your new teeth.

Once the titanium root has been placed and has successfully integrated with the jawbone, an abutment post is placed on top of it, which will have a crown (your new tooth) attached. Implants can be used to replace a single missing tooth, or as an anchor for a bridge or set of dentures. They truly are a revolutionary procedure in modern dentistry.

The Comparison: Implants Vs Dentures

Now that we've explored the basics of both procedures, implants vs dentures, let's start comparing the two. Dentures vs implants: what are the differences? We'll begin with the most important one - function.

1. Functionality: Eating and Speaking

The main purpose of our teeth are chewing. Chewing is an activity we do hundreds of times a day, that we typically don't think about. But when it comes to dentures vs implants, there's a huge difference in the chewing power the two procedures provide.

Dentures: Traditional dentures typically have only 20-30% of the biting force of natural teeth. This means foods that require a firm bite will often stick to the denture or cause soreness. Many denture wearers adjust their diets to avoid fibrous foods and chewy meats. Implants: Because an implant has a far greater bite force than natural teeth, implants allow you to eat any foods you'd like. You'll be able to eat with a firm bite again, and enjoy foods like steak, apples, corn on the cob, nuts and bread. You can even bite into a bottle cap!

Speaking

Losing teeth or wearing dentures can have an effect on the way you speak. If you experience slipping or clicking with your dentures, they may cause you to talk in a way you otherwise wouldn't. Speech issues are far less likely to occur with dental implants, as they're a fixed procedure like natural teeth.

2. Comfort and Stability

When it comes implants vs dentures, comfort is key. One of the main reasons people seek a second opinion with their dentist about the best tooth replacement option, is denture discomfort .

Dentures: As mentioned above, dentures are a prosthetic that is worn on top of the gums. While these days they're often constructed using lighter materials than in the past, they still can cause irritation or soreness in sensitive areas. The plastic framework of the denture can rub against your gums, causing chafing. The palate (roof) of the upper denture can also cause an unnatural gag reflex, or take away your ability to taste food as well. Implants: Unlike dentures, dental implants are placed below the gum tissue and do not sit on top of the gums or palate. Because of this, they're completely comfortable to the touch, and have no affect on your gag reflex or ability to taste food. Implants also provide a level of stability that dentures can't, due to the strong titanium root. There will be no slipping or sliding with your new teeth.

3. Aesthetics and Self Confidence

The loss of teeth can take a toll on self confidence, in ways we don't often consider.

Dentures: While modern dentures can look very natural, the framework of the denture can often feel fake. The most upsetting thing for many denture wearers is the fear of them coming out, or sliding off while talking or laughing. Implants: Implants provide a very natural looking smile, with no visible prosthetic portion. The crown is made from a porcelain or ceramic material designed to replicate real teeth, and the gums grow around the titanium post to cover it. You'll look and feel like you've always had your natural teeth.

4. Health and Bone Density

One of the biggest, most important differences between dentures vs implants, is the affect the procedures have on the health of your jawbone.

The "Use it or Lose it" Concept

Your jawbones are kept dense and strong through stimulation. The stimulation occurs when you chew with your teeth, providing gentle pressure on the bones. Unfortunately, dentures do very little to stimulate the jawbone.

With Dentures: Since dentures sit on top of the gums, they provide virtually no stimulation to the jawbone. As a result, the jawbone begins to resorb (shrink) since the body is no longer being signaled to keep it strong. This causes your facial structure to change, with many people developing sunken cheeks and a more severe jawline. Additionally, resorbing jaws can become too loose to properly fit dentures, often requiring the creation of new dentures. With Implants: Dental implants stop the resorption of the jawbones. As you bite down, the force is transmitted from the titanium post to the bone, which encourages the body to keep the bone density high.

The Procedure: Implants Vs Dentures

One of the biggest concerns for patients facing the decision of dentures vs implants, is the procedure itself. How invasive is it? How long will I be without teeth? These are all important questions to ask, and discuss with your dentist.

The Denture Process

Getting dentures is typically a simple and non-invasive process. The length of the procedure depends on which type of denture you're getting (complete or partial). Here are the general steps:

1. Any extractions that need to be performed are done. 2. Impressions of your mouth are taken. 3. Final adjustments to the dentures are made 4. A fitting is performed, and any adjustments or follow-ups are done until the dentures are comfortable

The average timeframe of getting dentures, from start to finish, is only weeks. Invasiveness: Non-invasive.

The Implant Process

Getting implants is a surgical procedure that requires some recovery time. There are additional steps involved, and there's also the question of if you're a candidate for implants in the first place.

Here's what to expect:

1. A consultation is scheduled to determine if implants are right for you. 2. X-rays and scans are taken to determine your bone density. 3. The implant surgery takes place. During the surgery, you will be anesthetized, and a small incision will be made in your gums. A small hole is drilled in the jawbone, and the titanium post is screwed in. The incision is sutured. 4. You will be sent home to recover; this is the osseointegration period. It lasts 3-6 months. 5. An abutment post is attached (this may require another minor surgery) 6. Impressions are taken for the crown, which is then mounted on the abutment post.

The whole process can take anywhere from 4-9 months, depending on your personal situation. Invasiveness: Surgical procedure with local anesthesia.

Longevity and Durability

When exploring the differences between dentures vs implants, it's important to consider the expected lifespan of the prosthetic, as well as the risks of failure.

Dentures: Dentures are a temporary solution. They typically last 5-7 years with proper care and maintenance. A denture that's been worn for several years will often need to be re-lined, since the gums will shrink and change over time. Implants: Implants are designed to be a permanent fixture in your mouth. The titanium post rarely (if ever) fails, and the crown can typically be removed, cleaned, and replaced every 10-15 years. Implants can also withstand greater pressure than dentures, and have a much lower risk of cracking or breaking.

Maintenance

How much upkeep is required?

Caring For Dentures:

They need to be removed and cleaned after every meal. You'll need to soak them in a cleaning solution overnight. You must clean your gums and tongue everyday to prevent bacteria. You may need to use adhesives to keep dentures in place. Caring For Implants: Implants require the same care as your natural teeth. Brush twice daily, floss regularly, and visit your dentist for cleanings. They are a fixed procedure, and cannot be removed for cleaning. They don't require adhesives, and the special cleaning solutions aren't neccessary.

While implants are considered to be "low maintenance," they do require excellent oral hygiene to prevent gum disease.

The Cost Analysis: Implants Vs Dentures

The biggest difference between implants and dentures, is the cost. It's arguably the most important consideration when making your decision about which procedure to pursue.

Upfront Costs

• Dentures: Dentures are much more budget-friendly, and can be fabricated in a matter of weeks. Traditional dentures typically range in price from $$1,000 to $3,000 for a quality set (economy sets available at a lower cost but reduced quality)
• Implants: Implants are a costly procedure, especially if you're replacing an entire arch of teeth. Single implants can range from $$3,000 and $5,000 each. A full arch of implants (using an All-on-4 technique) can range from $$15,000 to $30,000+

Long-Term Value

While dentures may be more affordable upfront, implants can be a more cost-effective solution in the long-run.

• Take into account the cost of replacement dentures, relining, maintenance and the potential cost increase of any dental issues caused by dentures (like periodontitis). Over the course of 20 years, you could be spending a lot more on dentures than you would on implants.
• On the other hand, implants require little to no maintenance once placed. The costs associated with implants are predictable and consistent, typically only including routine cleanings and examinations. If you are 60, and expect to live until age 90, implants may end up being the more cost-effective option for you.

Insurance

Most dental insurance plans cover dentures to some extent (typically 50%). Implants are seen by most insurers as a "cosmetic procedure," and have a maximum coverage amount (usually around $1,000 a year). Fortunately, this is slowly changing as implants are becoming more widely accepted as a standard of care.

The Middle Ground: Implant-Supported Dentures

Sometimes, neither of the extreme options are right for you. If you want something more stable than regular dentures, but implants are too costly, you may want to consider implant-supported dentures.

Implant-supported dentures are essentially dentures, but they're snapped onto 2-4 dental implants. This is a "best of both worlds" situation, offering more stability than regular dentures, but less cost and less maintenance than individual implants for every tooth.

Pros: More stable than regular dentures, less bone loss than regular dentures, less expensive than individual implants, removable for cleaning

Cons: Slightly more expensive than regular dentures, still requires maintenance

Who Is Each Option Best For?

When making the decision between implants or dentures, who is each option best for? There are a myriad of factors that go into this decision, but here are some general rules of thumb that can serve as a starting point.

You Might Be A Good Candidate For Dentures If:

Your Budget Is Limited, and You Can't Afford Implants: Dentures are a far more affordable option to implants. If you've had some bone loss (from long term denture use or tooth loss) and you're considering getting implants, you may end up needing a bone graft to raise the density. If you're not looking to spend thousands on multiple procedures, dentures may be a better option for you. You Need Something Quick: Dentures can often be fabricated faster than implants. If you have an upcoming event and you need teeth to smile with, dentures can get you there quicker. You Have Some sort of Health Contraindication: If you have diabetes, heavy smokers, or you've recently undergone radiation therapy, the healing process may be compromised and implants may not be a suitable option.

You Might Be A Good Candidate For Implants If:

You Want Something Permanent That Looks, Feels, and Functions Like Natural Teeth: Implants provide full functionality and cosmesis for your missing teeth. You Want To Eat Whatever You Want: With implants, you can eat any foods you'd like without worrying about them getting stuck or damaging your replacement teeth. You Have Good Oral Health: Implants require you to maintain good oral hygiene, but if you have periodontitis or unhealthy gums, you're not a good candidate for implants. You Want To Improve Your Quality Of Life: Implants allow you to eat and speak with confidence, knowing that your replacement teeth will never slip out in an awkward moment. You Want To Save Money In The Long Run: While implants may be more costly upfront, they are far more cost effective in the long run.

The Psychological Aspect

The age-old debate of implants vs dentures isn't only about the functional differences or the costs. There's a very large psychological component to this decision as well.

Psychological studies have shown that people with implant-supported prosthetics have reported a stronger sense of self-confidence and overall wellbeing than those with dentures. The psychological fear of having your dentures slip out can be very taxing on the mind, and often limits what we feel comfortable doing in daily life. Implants eliminate this fear, allowing you the freedom to speak and laugh with a confident smile, without worrying if your teeth will suddenly fall out.

Conclusion

So, the better implants and dentures are :

Well, if we're judging based on function, health, comfort, and aesthetics, implants are clearly the superior option. They're the closest thing to having your natural teeth that we've seen in a long time.

However, "better" is subjective and depends on a large number of factors. If "better" means "accessible to me right now," dentures are clearly the better option. They provide a necessary function, restoring your smile and ability to chew, at a much lower cost than implants.

The debate between dentures vs implants is a deeply personal one that depends on a large number of factors. It's an important decision that will influence your health, comfort level, and financial stability for years to come. Ultimately, it's a decision that should be discussed with a qualified dentist.

For many, dentures serve as an interim solution while they save up for a more permanent option like implants. For others, dentures serve them just fine and for the rest of their life. And for those who have the budget and the means, implants offer a life-changing return on investment.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. Can I get implants later if I start with dentures?

Yes, you absolutely can. However, implants may require you to get a bone graft, especially if you've been wearing dentures for a long time.

2. Do dental implants hurt?

No, the procedure is done under local anesthetic (or sometimes sedation). The pain after the procedure is no worse than a tooth extraction, and can be controlled by over-the-counter medications.

3. How long do I have to be without teeth if I get implants?

Not long, if you're lucky. In the case of a single tooth implant, you could potentially get your new tooth the same day it's placed (immediate load). However, you can't put much pressure on it until it has fully integrated with your jawbone.

4. Are dental implants safe for older people?

Age is rarely a factor when it comes to implants; general health is a far bigger concern.

If you're in your eighties or nineties but you're in good health and you're able to have a routine tooth extraction, you're a candidate for implants. In fact, implants are recommended for older people as a means of preventing malnutrition resulting from tooth loss.

5. Will people be able to tell I have dental implants?

No. Implants are constructed from porcelain or ceramic crowns that are custom shaped to resemble your natural teeth. The gum tissue is stimulated to grow around them, so that the integration point between the titanium post and your gum is nearly invisible to the casual observer.